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Everything about 1938 totally explainedYear 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.
Events of 1938
January-February
March-April
March - Italian mathematician Ettore Majorana disappears.
March 3 - Oil is discovered in Saudi Arabia.
March 12 - Anschluss: German troops occupy Austria; annexation declared the following day.
March 15 - Soviet Union announces officially that Nikholai Bukharin has been executed.
March 17 - Poland presents an ultimatum to Lithuania; Poland demands to establish normal diplomatic relations that were severed over the Vilnius Region
March 18 - Mexico nationalizes all foreign-owned oil properties within its borders.
April 10 - Edouard Daladier becomes prime minister of France.
April 24 – Konstantin Päts becomes president of Estonia.
April 25 - U.S. Supreme Court delivers opinion in Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins and overturns a century of federal common law.
April 28 - The towns of Dana, Enfield, Greenwich, and Prescott in Massachusetts are disincorporated to make way for the Quabbin Reservoir.
May-June
May 5 - Vatican recognizes Franco's government in Spain
May 9 - Kaarel Eenpalu becomes prime minister of Estonia
May 14 - Chile withdraws from the League of Nations
May 17 - Information Please debuts on NBC Radio.
May 20 - Czechoslovakia orders a partial mobilization of its armed forces along the German border.
May 25 - Bombing of Alicante, Spain, in the Spanish Civil War, with 313 dead.
June - Action Comics issue #1 is published, presenting the first appearance of Superman, considered the first superhero.
June 11 - Fire destroys 212 buildings in Ludes, Latvia
June 12-18 - Roma and Sinti in Germany and Austria are rounded up, beaten up and jailed.
June 15 - László Bíró patents the ballpoint pen in Britain.
June 19 - Italy beat Hungary 4-2 to win the 1938 World Cup
June 22 - Heavyweight boxing champion Joe Louis knocks out Max Schmeling in the first round of their rematch at Yankee Stadium in New York City.
June 23
June 24 - A 450 metric ton meteorite strikes the earth in an empty field near Chicora, Pennsylvania.
June 25 - Dr. Douglas Hyde is elected the first President of Ireland.
July-August
July - Building of the concentration camp Mauthausen
July 3 - Steam locomotive "Mallard" sets the world speed record for steam by reaching 126 mph.
July 3 - The last reunion of the Blue and Gray commemorates the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
July 12 - Kurdish Genocide in Dersim, Turkey by the Turkish army.
July 14 - Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91 hour airplane flight around the world.
July 18 - Wrong Way Corrigan takes off from New York, ostensibly heading for California. He lands in Ireland instead.
July 28 - A revolt against the Ioannis Metaxas dictatorship is put down in Chania,
July 30 - The first ever issue of The Beano
August 6 - The Looney Tunes animated short Porky & Daffy is released.
August 18 - The Thousand Islands Bridge, connecting the United States with Canada, is dedicated by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
September-October
September - European crisis over German demand for annexation of Sudeten borderland of Czechoslovakia.
September 21 - A large hurricane (the New England Hurricane of 1938) strikes Long Island and southern New England, killing over 300 along the Rhode Island shoreline and 600 altogether.
September 29
September 30 - Neville Chamberlain returns to Britain from meeting with Adolf Hitler and declares "Peace In Our Time"
October 1 - German troops march into Sudetenland
October 2 - Tiberias massacre: Arabs murder 20 Jews.
October 5 - Edvard Beneš, president of Czechoslovakia, resigns.
October 10 - The Blue Water Bridge opens, connecting Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario
October 16 - Winston Churchill, in a broadcast address to the United States, condemns the Munich Agreement as a defeat and calls upon America and western Europe to prepare for armed resistance against Hitler.
October 17 - Jan Syrovy's government begins in Czechoslovakia
October 24 - Minimum wage established by law in the United States
October 27 - Du Pont announced a name for its new synthetic yarn: "nylon".
October 30 - Orson Welles's radio adaptation of The War of the Worlds is broadcast, causing panic in various parts of the United States.
October 31 - Great Depression: In an effort to try restore investor confidence, the New York Stock Exchange unveils a fifteen-point program aimed to upgrade protection for the investing public.
November-December
November 1 - Horse Racing: Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral by four lengths in their famous match race at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland.
November 9 - Holocaust: Kristallnacht begins - In Germany, the "night of broken glass" begins as Nazi troops and sympathizers loot and burn Jewish businesses (the all night affair saw 7,500 Jewish businesses destroyed, 267 synagogues burned, 91 Jews killed, and at least 25,000 Jewish men arrested).
November 10 - On the eve of Armistice Day, Kate Smith sings Irving Berlin's God Bless America for the first time on her weekly radio show.
November 10 - The founder of Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, dies.
November 13- The people of New York City held a fruit tasting contest held by managers.
November 18 - Trade union members elect John L. Lewis as the first president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations.
November 30 - Czech parliament elects Emil Hácha as the new president of Czechoslovakia.
December 11 - Kingdom of Yugoslavia parliamentary election - Opposition gains votes but not seats
December 13 - The Neuengamme concentration camp opens near Hamburg.
December 16 - MGM releases its successful film version of Charles Dickens's A Christmas Carol. The film was originally intended to star Lionel Barrymore as Ebenezer Scrooge, but Barrymore, ill with arthritis, is replaced by Reginald Owen.
December 23 - A Coelacanth, a fish thought to have been extinct, is caught off the coast of South Africa near Chalumna River.
December 27 - 87 killed, a construction worker of domitory site hit avalanche by heavy massivie snow at Kurobe, Japan.
Undated
In West Java, Daeng Soetigna tunes the traditional angklung to play the diatonic scale.
Adolf Hitler is Time magazine's "Man of the Year", an award that usually goes to the most influential person of the year.
Walther P38 is introduced.
The first cartoon to feature a prototypical Bugs Bunny, Porky's Hare Hunt, is released.
The Schomburgk's Deer becames extinct by this date.
Siam is renamed Thailand.
Ongoing
Spanish Civil War (1936-1939).
Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).
Births
January-February
January 1
January 2 - Hans Herbjørnsrud, Norwegian author
January 5 - King Juan Carlos I of Spain
January 6 - Mario Rodríguez Cobos, Silo, Argentine author and spiritual Guide
January 7 - Roland Topor, French illustrator (d. 1997)
January 8 - Bob Eubanks, American game show host
January 10
January 11 - Fischer Black, American economist (d. 1995)
January 12
January 14 - Jack Jones, American singer and actor
January 18 - Curt Flood, baseball player (d. 1997)
January 20 - Derek Dougan, Northern Irish footballer (d. 2007)
January 21 - Wolfman Jack, American disc-jockey and actor (d. 1995)
January 23 - Georg Baselitz, German painter and sculptor
January 25
January 31 - Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands
February 1 - Sherman Hemsley, American comedian and actor
February 2 - Max Alvis, baseball player
February 8 - Prentice Gautt, American football player
February 11
February 12 - Judy Blume, American author
February 13 - Oliver Reed, English actor (d. 1999)
February 14 - Lee Chamberlin, African-American film and television actress
February 18 - Istvan Szabo, Hungarian director
February 24
February 25 - Herb Elliott, Australian runner
March-April
March 4
March 7
March 13 - Erma Franklin, American singer (d. 2002)
March 17
March 18 - Charley Pride, American baseball player and musician
March 23 - Maynard Jackson, mayor of Atlanta, Georgia (d. 2003)
March 25 - Hoyt Axton, American actor and country music singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
March 26 - Anthony James Leggett, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
March 31 - Joel Godard, announcer for Late Night with Conan O'Brien
April 1 - John Quade, American actor
April 2 - John Larsson, the 17th General of The Salvation Army
April 3 - Jeff Barry, American record producer and songwriter
April 4 - A. Bartlett Giamatti, American president of Yale University and baseball commissioner (d. 1989)
April 7 - Freddie Hubbard, jazz trumpeter
April 8 - Kofi Annan, Ghanaian Secretary General of the United Nations, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
April 10
April 11
April 12 - Roger Caron, Canadian author
April 15 - Claudia Cardinale, Tunisian-born, Italian actress
April 17 - Kerry Wendell Thornley, American counterculture figure, writer, and co-founder of Discordianism
April 22 - Talal Abu-Ghazaleh was born in Jaffa.
April 26
April 29 - Larry Niven, American author
May-June
May 2 - Paramount Chief Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho (d. 1996)
May 17 - Jason Bernard, American actor (d. 1996)
May 22 - Richard Benjamin, American actor
May 26
May 28 - Jerry West, American basketball player and executive
May 31 - Johnny PayCheck, American singer (d. 2003)
May 31 - Peter Yarrow, American singer
June 5 - Karin Balzer, German athlete
June 7 - Goose Gonsoulin, American football player
June 12 - Tom Oliver, Australian actor
June 15 - Billy Williams, baseball player
June 19
June 28 - Moy Yat, Chinese martial artist
July-August
July 3 - Bolo Yeung, Hong Kong actor
July 4 - Bill Withers, American singer and songwriter
July 6 - Tony Lewis, English cricketer
July 12 - Wieger Mensonides, Dutch swimmer
July 18 - Paul Verhoeven, Dutch film director
July 19 - Jayant Narlikar, Indian astrophysicist
July 20 - Natalie Wood, American actress (d. 1981)
July 20 - Diana Rigg, English actress
July 23
July 24 - Eugene J. Martin, American painter, artist
July 27 - Gary Gygax, American author and game designer (d. 2008)
July 28 - Alberto Fujimori, President of Peru
July 29 - Peter Jennings, Canadian-born television news reporter (d. 2005)
August 3 - Terry Wogan, British/Irish TV and radio broadcaster
August 8 - Connie Stevens, American actress and singer
August 9
August 15 - Janusz A. Zajdel, Polish writer
August 16 - Bill Masterton, Canadian hockey player (d. 1968)
August 19 - Diana Muldaur, American actress
August 20 - Alain Vivien, French politician
August 21 - Kenny Rogers, American country singer
August 22 - Paul Maguire, American football player
August 24
August 28
August 29 - Robert Rubin, American banker who served as the 70th United States Secretary of the Treasury
August 31 - Martin Bell, British journalist and politician
September-October
September 2 - Clarence Felder, American actor
September 3 - Ryoji Noyori, Japanese chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
September 8 - Kenichi Horie, Japanese adventurer
September 10
September 13 - John Smith, Scottish politician (d. 1994)
September 18 - Poornachandra Tejaswi, Kannada writer (d. 2007)
September 22 - Gene Mingo, American football player
September 23 - Tom Lester, American actor and evangelist
September 25 - Jonathan Motzfeldt, Prime Minister of Greenland
September 28 - Ben E. King, American singer
September 29 - Wim Kok, Prime Minister of the Netherlands
October 3 - Eddie Cochran, American singer (d. 1960)
October 4 - Kurt Wüthrich, Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
October 9 - Heinz Fischer, Austrian politician
October 14
October 15 - Fela Kuti, Nigerian musician and activist (d. 1997)
October 16 - Carl Gunter Jr, Louisiana State Representative (d. 1999)
October 17 - Evel Knievel, American motorcycle daredevil (d. 2007)
October 20 - Iain Macmillan, Abbey Road photographer (d. 2006)
October 22 - Christopher Lloyd, American actor
October 23 - H. John Heinz III, U.S. Senator (d. 1991)
October 28 - Anne Perry, English-born novelist
October 29
November-December
November 2 - Patrick Joseph Buchanan, American journalist and Presidential candidate
November 5
November 6
November 13 - Jean Seberg, American actress (d. 1979)
November 16 - Robert Nozick, American philosopher (d. 2002)
November 17 - Gordon Lightfoot, Canadian folk singer
November 19 - Ted Turner, modern entrepreneur
November 26 - Porter J. Goss, American politician and Central Intelligence Agency director
December 4
December 5 - J. J. Cale, American singer
December 8 - Ken Delo, American singer, The Lawrence Welk Show
December 12 - Connie Francis, American singer and actress
December 15 - Billy Shaw, American football player
December 16
December 17
December 20 - John Harbison, American composer
December 23 - Bob Kahn, American Internet pioneer
December 24 - Bobby Henrich, American baseball player
December 29 - Jon Voight, American actor
Date unknown
Neila Sathyalingam, Singaporean classical Indian dancer, choreographer and instructor
Deaths
January - June
January 8 - Johnny Gruelle, American cartoonist and children's book author (b. 1880) (Raggedy Ann)
January 20 - Émile Cohl, French caricaturist and animator (b. 1857)
January 21 - Georges Méliès, French film director (b. 1861)
January 28 - Bernd Rosemeyer, German racing driver (b. 1909)
February 2 - Frederick William Vanderbilt, American railway magnate (b. 1856)
February 7 - Harvey Firestone, American manufacturer (b. 1868)
February 18 - David King Udall, American politician (b. 1851)
February 19 - Edmund Landau, German mathematician (b. 1877)
March 1 - Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian writer, war hero, and politician (b. 1863)
March 2 - Ben Harney, American composer and pianist (b. 1871)
March 13 - Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Soviet politician (b. 1888)
March 13 - Clarence Darrow, American attorney (b. 1857)
April 8 - Joe "King" Oliver, American jazz musician (b. 1885)
April 12 - Feodor Chaliapin, Russian bass (b. 1873)
April 16 - Steve Bloomer, English footballer (b. 1874)
April 21 - Allama Iqbal, Indian philosopher and poet (b. 1877)
April 25 - Aleksander Świętochowski - Polish writer (b. 1849)
April 26 - Edmund Husserl, Austrian philosopher (b. 1859)
May 4 - Carl von Ossietzky, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1889)
May 9 - Thomas B. Thrige, Danish industrialist (b. 1866)
May 13 - Charles Edouard Guillaume, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1861)
May 26 - John Jacob Abel, American pharmacologist (b. 1857)
July - December
July 4 - Otto Bauer, Austrian Social Democratic politician (b. 1881)
August 1 - Edmund Charles Tarbell, American artist (b. 1862)
August 7 - Constantin Stanislavski, Russian theatre practitioner (b. 1863)
August 14 - Hugh Trumble, Australian test cricketer (b. 1876)
August 16 - Robert Johnson, American blues singer (b. 1911)
September 1 - Nikolai Bryukhanov, Soviet statesman and political figure who served as People's Commissar of Finances (b. 1878)
September 17 - Bruno Jasieński, Polish poet (b. 1901)
September 25 - Paul Olaf Bodding, Norwegian missionary to India and creator of Santali latin alphabet (b. 1865)
October 2 - Alexandru Averescu, Romanian soldier and politician (b. 1859)
October 13 E.C. Segar, American comics artist (Popeye)
October 17 - Karl Kautsky, Marxist theoretician (b. 1854)
October 22 - May Irwin, Canadian actress and singer (b. 1862)
October 24 - Ernst Barlach, German sculptor and poet (b. 1870)
October 27 - Lascelles Abercrombie, English poet and critic (b. 1881)
November 9 - Vasily Blyukher, Soviet military commander (b. 1889)
November 10 - Kemal Atatürk, President of Turkey (b. 1881)
November 20 - Maud of Wales, queen of Haakon VII of Norway (b. 1869)
November 30 - Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, Romanian fascist, leader of the Iron Guard (executed along other Guard activists) (b. 1899)
December 11 - Christian Lous Lange, Norwegian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1869)
December 20 - Annie Armstrong US missionary leader (b. 1850)
December 25 - Karel Čapek, Czech author (b. 1890)
December 28 - Florence Lawrence, Canadian actress (b. 1886)
Nobel prizes
Physics - Enrico Fermi
Chemistry - Richard Kuhn
Physiology or Medicine - Corneille Jean François Heymans
Literature - Pearl S. Buck
Peace - Nansen International Office For Refugees, Geneva.Further Information
Get more info on '1938'.
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